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Macular degeneration

Search result of ‚Macular Degeneration food‘

PubMed – National library of medicine

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  1. Vitamin D and Ocular Diseases: A Systematic Review

  2. Carotenoids in human nutrition and health

  3. What did we learn in 35 years of research on nutrition and supplements for age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review

  4. Dietary Nutrient Intake and Progression to Late Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the Age-Related Eye Disease Studies 1 and 2

  5. Food groups and risk of age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review with meta-analysis

  6. Summary

 

Abstract

The contributory roles of vitamin D in ocular and visual health have long been discussed, with numerous studies pointing to the adverse effects of vitamin D deficiency. In this paper, we provide a systematic review of recent findings on the association between vitamin D and different ocular diseases, including myopia, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy (DR), dry eye syndrome (DES), thyroid eye disease (TED), uveitis, retinoblastoma (RB), cataract, and others, from epidemiological, clinical and basic studies, and briefly discuss vitamin D metabolism in the eye. We searched two research databases for articles examining the association between vitamin D deficiency and different ocular diseases. One hundred and sixty-two studies were found. There is evidence on the association between vitamin D and myopia, AMD, DR, and DES. Overall, 17 out of 27 studies reported an association between vitamin D and AMD, while 48 out of 54 studies reported that vitamin D was associated with DR, and 25 out of 27 studies reported an association between vitamin D and DES. However, the available evidence for the association with other ocular diseases, such as glaucoma, TED, and RB, remains limited.

German:

Der Text „Vitamin D and Ocular Diseases: A Systematic Review“ beschreibt einen systematischen Überblick über die aktuelle Forschung zur Verbindung zwischen Vitamin D und verschiedenen Augenkrankheiten. Es werden die Rollen von Vitamin D für die Augen- und Sehgesundheit diskutiert und die Auswirkungen eines Vitamin-D-Mangels hervorgehoben. In der Studie werden insbesondere Krankheiten wie Kurzsichtigkeit, altersbedingte Makuladegeneration (AMD), Glaukom, diabetische Retinopathie (DR), trockenes Auge (DES), Schilddrüsenaugenerkrankung (TED), Uveitis, Retinoblastom (RB) und Katarakt untersucht. Es wurden 162 Studien ausgewertet, wobei festgestellt wurde, dass es Hinweise auf eine Verbindung zwischen Vitamin D und Krankheiten wie AMD, DR und DES gibt. Für andere Augenkrankheiten wie Glaukom, TED und RB sind die Beweise jedoch begrenzt.

English:

The article „Vitamin D and Ocular Diseases: A Systematic Review“ discusses the roles of vitamin D in eye and vision health, specifically addressing the negative effects of vitamin D deficiency on various ocular diseases. It systematically reviews recent research on how vitamin D relates to diseases such as myopia (short-sightedness), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), dry eye syndrome (DES), thyroid eye disease (TED), uveitis, retinoblastoma (RB), cataracts, and others. The review encompasses findings from epidemiological, clinical, and basic research studies and briefly touches on how vitamin D is metabolized in the eye.

The authors searched two research databases to gather articles that study the link between vitamin D deficiency and different eye diseases, finding a total of 162 studies. They report significant evidence of a relationship between vitamin D levels and the development or progression of myopia, AMD, DR, and DES. Specifically, 17 out of 27 studies found a connection between vitamin D and AMD, 48 out of 54 studies confirmed an association with DR, and 25 out of 27 studies observed a link with DES. However, the evidence linking vitamin D deficiency with other ocular conditions like glaucoma, TED, and RB is still limited.

Abstract

Carotenoids are naturally occurring pigments found in most fruits and vegetables, plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Humans cannot synthesize carotenoids and must ingest them in food or via supplementation. Carotenoids have a range of functions in human health. They primarily exert antioxidant effects, but individual carotenoids may also act through other mechanisms; for example, β-carotene has a pro-vitamin A function, while lutein/zeaxanthin constitute macular pigment in the eye. The benefit of lutein in reducing progression of age-related macular eye disease and cataracts is strengthening; an intake recommendation would help to generate awareness in the general population to have an adequate intake of lutein rich foods. There is evidence that carotenoids, in addition to beneficial effects on eye health, also produce improvements in cognitive function and cardiovascular health, and may help to prevent some types of cancer. Despite the evidence for the health benefits of carotenoids, large population-based supplementation studies have produced mixed results for some of the carotenoids. To establish and confirm the health benefits of the different carotenoids more research, including clinical studies, is needed.

German: 

Der Artikel „Carotenoids in human nutrition and health“ behandelt die Rolle von Carotinoiden in der menschlichen Ernährung und Gesundheit. Carotinoide sind natürliche Pigmente, die in den meisten Früchten und Gemüsen, Pflanzen, Algen und photosynthetisierenden Bakterien vorkommen. Menschen können Carotinoide nicht selbst synthetisieren und müssen sie daher über die Nahrung oder durch Nahrungsergänzungsmittel aufnehmen. Carotinoide haben verschiedene Funktionen für die menschliche Gesundheit; sie wirken hauptsächlich als Antioxidantien, aber einzelne Carotinoide können auch über andere Mechanismen wirken. Zum Beispiel hat β-Carotin eine Pro-Vitamin-A-Funktion, während Lutein und Zeaxanthin wichtige Bestandteile des Makulapigments im Auge sind. Die Vorteile von Lutein zur Verlangsamung des Fortschreitens altersbedingter Makulaerkrankungen und Katarakte werden zunehmend anerkannt, und eine Aufnahmeempfehlung könnte dazu beitragen, das Bewusstsein in der Bevölkerung für eine angemessene Aufnahme luteinreicher Lebensmittel zu schärfen. Es gibt Belege dafür, dass Carotinoide neben positiven Effekten auf die Augengesundheit auch Verbesserungen der kognitiven Funktion und der Herz-Kreislauf-Gesundheit bewirken und möglicherweise dazu beitragen können, bestimmte Krebsarten zu verhindern. Trotz der Belege für die gesundheitlichen Vorteile von Carotinoiden haben groß angelegte, populationsbasierte Ergänzungsstudien gemischte Ergebnisse für einige Carotinoide gebracht. Um die gesundheitlichen Vorteile der verschiedenen Carotinoide zu bestätigen und zu etablieren, sind weitere Forschungen, einschließlich klinischer Studien, erforderlich.

English:

The abstract from the article titled „Carotenoids in human nutrition and health“ discusses the role of carotenoids in human health. Carotenoids are pigments found naturally in many fruits and vegetables, as well as in plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Humans cannot produce carotenoids on their own and must obtain them through their diet or by taking supplements.

The primary function of carotenoids in the human body is as antioxidants, although they also have other roles depending on the specific type of carotenoid. For example, β-carotene serves a pro-vitamin A function, which is essential for vision and immune function, while lutein and zeaxanthin are important for the health of the eye’s macula and play a role in reducing the progression of age-related macular degeneration and cataracts.

The abstract mentions that carotenoids not only support eye health but also improve cognitive and cardiovascular health and may help in preventing certain types of cancer. However, while there is evidence of their health benefits, results from large population-based studies on carotenoid supplementation have been inconsistent. The abstract concludes that more research, including clinical studies, is needed to fully establish and confirm the health benefits of various carotenoids.

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to summarize all available evidence from systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and comparative nonrandomized studies (NRS) on the association between nutrition and antioxidant, vitamin, and mineral supplements and the development or progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane register CENTRAL, MEDLINE and Embase were searched and studies published between January 2015 and May 2021 were included. The certainty of evidence was assessed according to the GRADE methodology. The main outcome measures were development of AMD, progression of AMD, and side effects. We included 7 systematic reviews, 7 RCTs, and 13 NRS. A high consumption of specific nutrients, i.e. β-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin, copper, folate, magnesium, vitamin A, niacin, vitamin B6, vitamin C, docosahexaenoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid, was associated with a lower risk of progression of early to late AMD (high certainty of evidence). Use of antioxidant supplements and adherence to a Mediterranean diet, characterized by a high consumption of vegetables, whole grains, and nuts and a low consumption of red meat, were associated with a decreased risk of progression of early to late AMD (moderate certainty of evidence). A high consumption of alcohol was associated with a higher risk of developing AMD (moderate certainty of evidence). Supplementary vitamin C, vitamin E, or β-carotene were not associated with the development of AMD, and supplementary omega-3 fatty acids were not associated with progression to late AMD (high certainty of evidence). Research in the last 35 years included in our overview supports that a high intake of specific nutrients, the use of antioxidant supplements and adherence to a Mediterranean diet decrease the risk of progression of early to late AMD.

German:

Der Artikel „What did we learn in 35 years of research on nutrition and supplements for age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review“ fasst die verfügbaren Erkenntnisse aus systematischen Übersichten, randomisierten kontrollierten Studien (RCTs) und vergleichenden nichtrandomisierten Studien (NRS) zur Verbindung zwischen Ernährung und Antioxidantien, Vitaminen und Mineralstoffergänzungen und der Entwicklung oder dem Fortschreiten der altersbedingten Makuladegeneration (AMD) zusammen. Für die Recherche wurden die Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, das Cochrane Register CENTRAL, MEDLINE und Embase genutzt, und es wurden Studien einbezogen, die zwischen Januar 2015 und Mai 2021 veröffentlicht wurden. Die Sicherheit der Beweise wurde gemäß der GRADE-Methodik bewertet. Zu den Hauptergebnissen gehörten die Entwicklung von AMD, das Fortschreiten der AMD und Nebenwirkungen. In die Studie wurden 7 systematische Übersichten, 7 RCTs und 13 NRS einbezogen. Eine hohe Aufnahme bestimmter Nährstoffe, wie β-Carotin, Lutein und Zeaxanthin, Kupfer, Folsäure, Magnesium, Vitamin A, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, Docosahexaensäure und Eicosapentaensäure, war mit einem geringeren Risiko für das Fortschreiten von früher zu später AMD verbunden (hohe Evidenzsicherheit). Der Gebrauch von Antioxidantien-Ergänzungsmitteln und die Einhaltung einer mediterranen Diät, die durch einen hohen Verzehr von Gemüse, Vollkornprodukten und Nüssen sowie einen geringen Verzehr von rotem Fleisch gekennzeichnet ist, waren mit einem verminderten Risiko für das Fortschreiten von früher zu später AMD verbunden (moderate Evidenzsicherheit). Ein hoher Alkoholkonsum war mit einem höheren Risiko für die Entwicklung von AMD verbunden (moderate Evidenzsicherheit). Ergänzendes Vitamin C, Vitamin E oder β-Carotin waren nicht mit der Entwicklung von AMD verbunden, und ergänzende Omega-3-Fettsäuren waren nicht mit dem Fortschreiten zu später AMD verbunden (hohe Evidenzsicherheit). Die Forschung der letzten 35 Jahre, die in unserer Übersicht enthalten ist, unterstützt, dass eine hohe Aufnahme spezifischer Nährstoffe, die Verwendung von Antioxidantien-Ergänzungsmitteln und die Einhaltung einer mediterranen Diät das Risiko für das Fortschreiten von früher zu später AMD verringern.

English:

The abstract of the article „What did we learn in 35 years of research on nutrition and supplements for age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review“ provides a summary of the findings from research conducted over the past 35 years concerning the role of nutrition, antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals in influencing the development and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Key findings include:

  1. Nutritional Impact: A diet rich in specific nutrients such as β-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, copper, folate, magnesium, vitamin A, niacin, vitamin B6, vitamin C, docosahexaenoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid is linked to a reduced risk of AMD progressing from early to late stages. The evidence supporting this association is strong.

  2. Dietary Patterns: Adherence to a Mediterranean diet, which is high in vegetables, whole grains, and nuts, and low in red meat, is associated with a lower risk of AMD progression from early to late stages. The certainty of this evidence is moderate.

  3. Alcohol Consumption: Higher alcohol intake is associated with an increased risk of developing AMD. The evidence for this is also moderate.

  4. Supplements: There is strong evidence indicating that supplementary vitamin C, vitamin E, or β-carotene do not contribute to the development of AMD. Additionally, omega-3 fatty acid supplements do not appear to prevent the progression to late-stage AMD.

Overall, the research reviewed in this paper supports the conclusion that specific nutrients and a healthy diet can significantly affect the risk and progression of AMD, underscoring the importance of dietary choices in managing this condition.

Abstract

Purpose: To analyze associations between the dietary intake of multiple nutrients and risk of progression to late age-related macular degeneration (AMD), its subtypes, and large drusen.

Design: Post hoc analysis of 2 controlled clinical trial cohorts: Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) and AREDS2.

Participants: Eyes with no late AMD at baseline among AREDS participants (n = 4504) and AREDS2 participants (n = 3738) totaled 14 135 eyes. Mean age was 71.0 years (standard deviation, 6.7 years), and 56.5% of patients were women.

Methods: Fundus photographs were collected at annual study visits and graded centrally for late AMD. Dietary intake of multiple nutrients was calculated from food frequency questionnaires.

Main outcome measures: Progression to late AMD, geographic atrophy (GA), neovascular AMD, and (separate analyses) large drusen.

Results: Over median follow-up of 10.2 years, of the 14 135 eyes, 32.7% progressed to late AMD. For 9 nutrients, intake quintiles 4 or 5 (vs. 1) were associated significantly (P ≤ 0.0005) with decreased risk of late AMD: vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin C, folate, β-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin, magnesium, copper, and alcohol. For 3 nutrients, quintiles 4 or 5 were associated significantly with increased risk: saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, and oleic acid. Similar results were observed for GA. Regarding neovascular AMD, 9 nutrients were associated nominally with decreased risk-vitamin A, vitamin B6, β-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin, magnesium, copper, docosahexaenoic acid, omega-3 fatty acid, and alcohol-and 3 nutrients were associated with increased risk-saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, and oleic acid. In separate analyses (n = 5399 eyes of 3164 AREDS participants), 12 nutrients were associated nominally with decreased risk of large drusen.

Conclusions: Higher dietary intake of multiple nutrients, including minerals, vitamins, and carotenoids, is associated with decreased risk of progression to late AMD. These associations are stronger for GA than for neovascular AMD. The same nutrients also tend to show protective associations against large drusen development. Strong genetic interactions exist for some nutrient-genotype combinations, particularly omega-3 fatty acids and CFH. These data may justify further research into underlying mechanisms and randomized trials of supplementation.

German:

Der Artikel „Dietary Nutrient Intake and Progression to Late Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the Age-Related Eye Disease Studies 1 and 2“ analysiert den Zusammenhang zwischen der Nahrungsaufnahme verschiedener Nährstoffe und dem Risiko für die Progression zur späten altersbedingten Makuladegeneration (AMD), ihren Subtypen und großen Drusen.

Es handelt sich um eine nachträgliche Analyse von zwei kontrollierten klinischen Studiengruppen: der Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) und AREDS2. Teilgenommen haben Personen ohne späte AMD zu Beginn der Studie aus beiden Gruppen, insgesamt 14.135 Augen. Das Durchschnittsalter betrug 71,0 Jahre, und 56,5 % der Teilnehmer waren Frauen.

Die Nahrungsaufnahme wurde anhand von Häufigkeitsfragebögen zu Lebensmitteln berechnet. Zu den Hauptergebnissen gehörten die Progression zur späten AMD, geografische Atrophie (GA), neovaskuläre AMD und (in separaten Analysen) große Drusen.

Über einen medianen Nachbeobachtungszeitraum von 10,2 Jahren zeigte sich, dass 32,7 % der 14.135 Augen zu später AMD fortschritten. Für 9 Nährstoffe war ein hoher Verzehr signifikant (P ≤ 0,0005) mit einem verringerten Risiko für späte AMD assoziiert: Vitamin A, Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, Folsäure, β-Carotin, Lutein und Zeaxanthin, Magnesium, Kupfer und Alkohol. Drei Nährstoffe waren signifikant mit einem erhöhten Risiko verbunden: gesättigte Fettsäuren, einfach ungesättigte Fettsäuren und Ölsäure. Ähnliche Ergebnisse wurden für GA beobachtet. Hinsichtlich neovaskulärer AMD waren 9 Nährstoffe nominell mit einem verringerten Risiko assoziiert, und 3 Nährstoffe waren mit einem erhöhten Risiko verbunden.

In separaten Analysen waren 12 Nährstoffe nominell mit einem verringerten Risiko für große Drusen assoziiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine höhere Nahrungsaufnahme verschiedener Nährstoffe, einschließlich Mineralien, Vitamine und Carotinoide, mit einem verringerten Risiko für die Progression zur späten AMD verbunden ist. Diese Assoziationen sind stärker für GA als für neovaskuläre AMD. Dieselben Nährstoffe zeigen auch tendenziell schützende Assoziationen gegen die Entwicklung großer Drusen. Es bestehen starke genetische Interaktionen für einige Nährstoff-Genotyp-Kombinationen, insbesondere Omega-3-Fettsäuren und CFH. Diese Daten könnten weitere Forschungen zu den zugrundeliegenden Mechanismen und randomisierte Ergänzungsstudien rechtfertigen.

English:

The abstract from the article „Dietary Nutrient Intake and Progression to Late Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the Age-Related Eye Disease Studies 1 and 2“ describes the findings from two significant clinical trial cohorts, AREDS and AREDS2. The study investigates the relationship between dietary nutrient intake and the progression to late-stage age-related macular degeneration (AMD), its subtypes, and large drusen.

Key findings include:

  1. Study Design and Participants: The study analyzed data from participants who had no late AMD at baseline, totaling 14,135 eyes, with a mean age of 71.0 years, and 56.5% were women.

  2. Methods: The study utilized fundus photography at annual visits to assess the development of late AMD, and dietary intake was evaluated using food frequency questionnaires.

  3. Results: During a median follow-up of 10.2 years, 32.7% of the eyes progressed to late AMD. Higher intakes (quintiles 4 or 5 compared to quintile 1) of certain nutrients—specifically vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin C, folate, β-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin, magnesium, copper, and alcohol—were significantly associated with a decreased risk of late AMD. Conversely, higher intakes of saturated fats, monounsaturated fats, and oleic acid were associated with an increased risk. Similar patterns were observed for geographic atrophy (GA) and neovascular AMD.

  4. Conclusions: The study concludes that a higher dietary intake of specific nutrients (minerals, vitamins, carotenoids) correlates with a reduced risk of progressing to late AMD, with more substantial associations noted for GA than for neovascular AMD. These nutrients also showed protective effects against the development of large drusen. The study highlights the importance of certain nutrient-genotype interactions, particularly omega-3 fatty acids and the complement factor H (CFH) gene, suggesting that genetic predispositions may influence nutrient effectiveness in preventing AMD. This supports the need for further research into the mechanisms and potential benefits of nutritional supplementation for AMD prevention.

Abstract

Objective: To systematically review all the available evidence from prospective cohort studies that investigated the association between consumption of food groups and the occurrence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: We conducted an electronic literature search through MedLine, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and bibliographies of retrieved articles up to January, 2018. Studies were included if they analysed prospectively the association between consumption of food groups and AMD.

Results: At the end of the selection process, 26 articles were included in the meta-analysis, for a total of 211,676 subjects and 7154 cases of AMD. By comparing the highest vs. the lowest consumption, pooled analyses showed no significant association with AMD for vegetables, fruit, nuts, grains, dairy products, as well as dietary fats such as oils, butter and margarine. Fish determined a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of risk for total AMD (RR 0.82 95% CI 0.75-0.90), as well as for both early (RR 0.84 95% CI 0.73-0.97), and late (RR 0.79 95% CI 0.70-0.90) AMD. On the other hand, high meat consumption was associated with a significant increased risk of early (RR 1.17 95% CI 1.02-1.34), but not late AMD. Finally, a significant increased risk of AMD for the highest consumption of alcohol (RR 1.20 95% CI 1.04-1.39) was reported.

Conclusions: The results of the present meta-analysis show a significant 18% reduced risk for fish and a 20% increased risk for alcohol consumption. In addition, an increased risk was observed for meat, but only in the subgroup of early AMD.

German

Der Artikel „Food groups and risk of age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review with meta-analysis“ befasst sich mit der systematischen Überprüfung aller verfügbaren Evidenz aus prospektiven Kohortenstudien, die den Zusammenhang zwischen dem Konsum verschiedener Lebensmittelgruppen und dem Auftreten von altersbedingter Makuladegeneration (AMD) untersuchten.

Methodik: Es wurde eine elektronische Literatursuche durch MedLine, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science und Bibliografien der abgerufenen Artikel bis Januar 2018 durchgeführt. In die Studie wurden Arbeiten aufgenommen, die prospektiv den Zusammenhang zwischen dem Verzehr von Lebensmittelgruppen und AMD analysierten.

Ergebnisse: Am Ende des Auswahlprozesses wurden 26 Artikel in die Meta-Analyse einbezogen, mit insgesamt 211.676 Teilnehmern und 7.154 Fällen von AMD. Bei einem Vergleich des höchsten mit dem niedrigsten Verzehr zeigten gepoolte Analysen keine signifikante Assoziation mit AMD für Gemüse, Obst, Nüsse, Getreide, Milchprodukte sowie Nahrungsfette wie Öle, Butter und Margarine. Der Konsum von Fisch führte jedoch zu einer signifikanten (p < 0,05) Risikoreduktion für gesamte AMD (RR 0,82 95% KI 0,75-0,90) sowie für frühe (RR 0,84 95% KI 0,73-0,97) und späte (RR 0,79 95% KI 0,70-0,90) AMD. Andererseits war ein hoher Fleischkonsum mit einem signifikant erhöhten Risiko für frühe AMD (RR 1,17 95% KI 1,02-1,34), jedoch nicht für späte AMD verbunden. Schließlich wurde ein signifikant erhöhtes Risiko für AMD bei höchstem Alkoholkonsum berichtet (RR 1,20 95% KI 1,04-1,39).

Schlussfolgerungen: Die Ergebnisse dieser Meta-Analyse zeigen ein signifikant um 18% reduziertes Risiko für Fischkonsum und ein um 20% erhöhtes Risiko bei Alkoholkonsum. Zudem wurde ein erhöhtes Risiko bei Fleischkonsum beobachtet, allerdings nur in der Untergruppe der frühen AMD.

English

The abstract from the article „Food groups and risk of age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review with meta-analysis“ summarizes a comprehensive review and analysis of the relationship between the consumption of various food groups and the risk of developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Here’s a breakdown of the key points and findings from the study:

1. **Objective**: The study aimed to evaluate all existing evidence from prospective cohort studies to see if there’s a connection between eating certain food groups and the risk of AMD.

2. **Methods**: The researchers conducted a detailed search of several scientific databases and literature up to January 2018, selecting studies that looked forward in time to examine how diet might influence AMD.

3. **Results**: After the review process, 26 articles involving a total of 211,676 participants and 7,154 cases of AMD were included in their meta-analysis. The analysis found:
– **No significant association** between AMD and the consumption of vegetables, fruits, nuts, grains, dairy products, and dietary fats (like oils, butter, and margarine).
– **Fish consumption** was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of AMD. Specifically, those who consumed the most fish had an 18% lower risk of AMD compared to those who consumed the least.
– **High meat consumption** was linked to a significantly increased risk of early AMD but not late AMD.
– **High alcohol consumption** was associated with a 20% increased risk of AMD.

4. **Conclusions**: The meta-analysis indicates that certain dietary choices can influence the risk of developing AMD. Eating fish is beneficial and associated with a lower risk of AMD, while high consumption of meat (for early AMD) and alcohol increases the risk of AMD.

This study helps to clarify how different types of food might impact the development of AMD, offering insights that could guide dietary recommendations for preventing or slowing the progression of this eye condition.

Recommend food: (Medical food – Anthony Williams)

  • Moringa
  • Mangos
  • grapes
  • cruciferous vegetables (十字花科蔬菜)

Die Augenklinik des Universitätsklinikums Bonn weist darauf hin, dass eine ausgewogene gesunde Ernährung vorbeugend bezüglich verschiedener Augenerkrankungen, wie AMD, Glaukom oder Grauen Star sei. Wichtige Augenvitamin-Spender sind Paprika, Karotten, Rote Rüben, Brokkoli, Rucola, Feldsalat, Johannisbeeren und Zitrusfrüchte. Grünes Gemüse wie Spinat, Erbsen, die dunkelgrünen Teile des Lauch oder Grünkohl sind nicht nur Vitaminbomben, sondern enthalten insbesondere auch Lutein, einen Stoff mit einer gewissen Schutzwirkung für die Netzhaut. Als besonders positiv hat sich eine sogenannte mediterrane Ernährung herauskristallisiert. Diese besteht aus viel Gemüse, (Meeres-)Fisch (mit einem hohen Gehalt an Omega-3-Fettsäuren) und Olivenöl, wenig Fleisch und Milchprodukten.

The eye clinic at the University Hospital of Bonn points out that a balanced, healthy diet is a preventive measure against various eye diseases such as AMD, glaucoma or cataracts. Important eye vitamin donors are peppers, carrots, beets, broccoli, rocket, lamb’s lettuce, currants and citrus fruits. Green vegetables such as spinach, peas, the dark green parts of the leek or kale are not only vitamin bombs, but also contain lutein, a substance with a certain protective effect for the retina. A so-called Mediterranean diet has proven to be particularly positive. This consists of lots of vegetables, (sea) fish (with a high content of omega-3 fatty acids) and olive oil, little meat and dairy products.

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